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Improving Symptoms of Cachexia

CE / CME

Improving Appetite, Lean Body Mass, or Physical Function in Patients With Cancer Cachexia

Physician Assistants/Physician Associates: 0.25 AAPA Category 1 CME credit

Pharmacists: 0.25 contact hour (0.025 CEUs)

Physicians: maximum of 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit

Nurse Practitioners/Nurses: 0.25 Nursing contact hour

European Learners: 0.25 EBAC® CE Credit

Released: March 20, 2026

Expiration: September 19, 2026

Activity

Progress
1 2 3
Course Completed

References

  1. Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, et al. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12:489-495.
  2. Berriel Diaz M, Rohm M, Herzig S. Cancer cachexia: multilevel metabolic dysfunction. Nat Metab. 2024;6:2222-2245.
  3. Muscaritoli M, Arends J, Bachmann P, et al. ESPEN practical guideline: clinical nutrition in cancer. Clin Nutr. 2021;40:2898-2913.
  4. Arends Strasser F, Gonella S, et al. Cancer cachexia in adult patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. ESMO Open. 2021;6:100092.
  5. Roeland EJ, Bohlke K, Baracos VE, et al. Cancer cachexia: ASCO Guideline rapid recommendation update. J Clin Oncol. 2023;41:4178-4179.
  6. Wakabayashi H, Arai H, Inui A. Anamorelin in Japanese patients with cancer cachexia: an update. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2023;17:162-167.
  7. Hisanaga T, Shinjo T, Imai K, et al. Clinical guidelines for management of gastrointestinal symptoms in cancer patients: the Japanese Society of Palliative Medicine Recommendations. J Palliat Med. 2019;22:986-997.
  8. Spiro A, C Baldwin C, Patterson A, et al. The views and practice of oncologists towards nutritional support in patients receiving chemotherapy. Br J Cancer. 2006;95:431-434.
  9. Blum D, Omlin A, Fearon K, et al. Evolving classification systems for cancer cachexia: ready for clinical practice? Support Care Cancer. 2010;18:273-9.
  10. Granda-Cameron C, Lynch MP. Clinical framework for quality improvement of cancer cachexia. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5:369-376.
  11. Argilés JM, Betancourt A, Guàrdia-Olmos J, et al. Validation of the CAchexia SCOre (CASCO). Staging cancer patients: the use of miniCASCO as a simplified tool. Front Physiol. 2017;8:92.‌
  12. Madeddu C, Busquets S, Donisi C, et al. Effect of cancer-related cachexia and associated changes in nutritional status, inflammatory status, and muscle mass on immunotherapy efficacy and survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2023;15:1076.
  13. Pandey S, Bradley L, Del Fabbro E. Updates in cancer cachexia: clinical management and pharmacologic interventions. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16:1696.
  14. Fonseca GWPD, Farkas J, Dora E, et al. Cancer cachexia and related metabolic dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 27;21:2321.
  15. Solheim TS, Laird BJA, Balstad TR, et al. Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal-Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2018;8:258-265.
  16. Prado CM, Purcell SA, Laviano A, et al. Nutrition interventions to treat low muscle mass in cancer. J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020;11:366-380.
  17. Andrew IM, Waterfield K, Hildreth AJ, et al. Quantifying the impact of standardised assessment and symptom management tools on symptoms associated with cancer-induced anorexia cachexia syndrome. Palliat Med. 2009;23:680-688.
  18. Lize N, Raijmakers N, van Lieshout R, et al. Psychosocial consequences of a reduced ability to eat for patients with cancer and their informal caregivers: a qualitative study. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2020;49:101838.
  19. Phillips I, Hall C, Stares M. Assessing the impact of early palliative care intervention in patients with lung cancer, cachexia and weight loss. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 20251;19:192-197.

Disclosure

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools were used to assist in the editorial development of this educational material. Specifically, ChatGPT (OpenAI; model GPT-5.3) was used to support language editing, organization of transcript content, and formatting in accordance with the program style guide.

The AI tool was used solely to assist with editorial refinement (eg, grammar, clarity, and structure) and did not generate new clinical recommendations, interpretations of data, or independent scientific content. All AI-assisted edits were reviewed, verified, and approved by human editors and the program faculty, who retain full responsibility for the scientific accuracy, balance, and integrity of the final educational content. The material was developed in accordance with the ACCME Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education.