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Overcoming Obstacles in Obesity

CE / CME

Breaking Barriers in Obesity Care: Applying Emerging Evidence to Primary Care Practice

Physician Assistants/Physician Associates: 1.00 AAPA Category 1 CME credit

ABIM MOC: maximum of 1.00 Medical Knowledge MOC point

Physicians: maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit

Nurse Practitioners/Nurses: 1.00 Nursing contact hour

Released: December 10, 2025

Expiration: December 09, 2026

Activity

Progress
1 2 3
Course Completed

References

  1. Rubino F, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025;13:221-262.
  2. Obesity Medicine Association. Definition of obesity. obesitymedicine.org/blog/definition-of-obesity/. Accessed December 3, 2025.
  3. Caleyachetty R, Barber TM, Mohammed NI, et al. Ethnicity-specific BMI cutoffs for obesity based on type 2 diabetes risk in England: a population-based cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021;9:419-426. 
  4. Piqueras P, Ballester A, Durá-Gil JV, et al. Anthropometric indicators as a tool for diagnosis of obesity and other health risk factors: a literature review. Front Psychol. 2021;12:631179.
  5. Wharton S, Freitas P, Hjelmesæth J, et al. Once-weekly semaglutide 7·2 mg in adults with obesity (STEP UP): a randomised, controlled, phase 3b trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025;13:949-963. 
  6. Wharton S, Bhat S, Dalton M, et al. Effect of semaglutide 7.2 mg on anthropometric measures of obesity: the STEP UP trial. Presented at: 2025 European Association for the Study of Diabetes; September 15-19, 2025. Abstract 145.
  7. Le Roux CW, Garvey WT, Kolnes KJ, et al. STEP UP: Efficacy of semaglutide in obesity treatment targets and cardiovascular risk thresholds. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 059.
  8. Hjelmesaeth J, Bhat S, Garvey WT, et al. Effect of semaglutide on body composition and proximal muscle strength: the STEP UP trial. Presented at: 2025 European Association for the Study of Diabetes; September 15-19, 2025. Abstract 147.
  9. Garvey WT, Hjelmesaeth J, Kolnes KJ, et al. STEP UP: Final dose responder analysis in participants randomized to semaglutide 7.2 mg. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 603.
  10. Divino V, Zhao Z, Smolderen KG, et al. Lower real-world risk of cardiovascular events with semaglutide 2.4 mg in people with risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: results from SCORE – Primary Prevention Population study. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 060.
  11. Bhatnagar P, Ahmad NN, Li X, et al. Tirzepatide leads to weight reduction in people with obesity due to MC4R deficiency. Nat Med. 2025;31:3294-3296.
  12. Iepsen EW, Zhang J, Thomsen HS, et al. Patients with obesity caused by melanocortin-4 receptor mutations can be treated with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Cell Metab. 2018;28:23-32.e3. 
  13. McConnell J, Xie C, Malhotra A, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) measures by body weight reduction: post-hoc analyses from SURMOUNT-OSA. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 509.
  14. Fitch A, Arora P, Dabbous F, et al. Real world impact of semaglutide on healthcare utilization and economic outcomes in the United States. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 027.
  15. Kan H, Fan LK, Sapin H, et al. Number needed to treat to prevent incident type 2 diabetes based on SURMOUNT-1 176 week data. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 215. 
  16. Andrade MD, Dunsmoor-Su R, Huvinen E, et al. Semaglutide reduces body weight regardless of menopause status: STEP and OASIS 4 post hoc analysis. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 316.
  17. Tchang BG, Mihai AC, Stefanski A, et al. Body weight reduction in women treated with tirzepatide by reproductive stage: a post hoc analysis from the SURMOUNT program. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2025;33:851-860. 
  18. Ganeshalingam AA, Uhrenholt N, Arnfred S, et al. Semaglutide treatment of antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia, prediabetes, and obesity: the HISTORI randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2025;82:1065-1074. 
  19. Wharton S, Lingvay I, Bogdanski P, et al. Oral semaglutide at a dose of 25 mg in adults with overweight or obesity. N Engl J Med. 2025;393:1077-1087.
  20. Rubino DM, Birkhan O, Garvey T, et al. Improvements in glycemic parameters and cardiovascular risk factors with oral semaglutide 25mg. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 026.
  21. Rubino DM, Birkhan O, Garvey T, et al. Efficacy of oral semaglutide 25 mg in people with overweight or obesity and poor physical function. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 111.
  22. Plotkin M, Smith I, Ivkovic M, et al. Oral vs. injectable semaglutide: an indirect treatment comparison of weight loss outcomes. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 334.
  23. PR Newswire. FDA accepts filing application for oral semaglutide 25 mg, which if approved, would be the first oral GLP-1 treatment for obesity. prnewswire.com/news-releases/fda-accepts-filing-application-for-oral-semaglutide-25-mg-which-if-approved-would-be-the-first-oral-glp-1-treatment-for-obesity-302445232.html. Accessed December 3, 2025.
  24. Wharton S, Aronne LJ, Stefanski A, et al. Orforglipron, an oral small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist for obesity treatment. N Engl J Med. 2025;393:1796-1806.
  25. Garvey WT, Blüher M, Osorto Contreras CK, et al. Coadministered cagrilintide and semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. N Engl J Med. 2025;393:635-647.
  26. Verma. CagriSema Reduces Predicted ASCVD Risk in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: The REDEFINE 1 Trial. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 711.
  27. Billings LK, Hsia S, Bays H, et al. Eloralintide, a selective amylin receptor agonist for the treatment of obesity: a 48-week phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2025:S0140-6736(25)02155-5. 
  28. Hsia SH. Eloralintide phase 2 in overweight/obesity: design and study population. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 068.
  29. Billings L. Eloralintide phase 2 in overweight/obesity: weight loss efficacy. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 069.
  30. Bays HE. Eloralintide phase 2 in overweight/obesity: safety evaluation. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 070.
  31. Tran LL, Vu F, Tran ZV. Phase 2 trial of oral NA-931 in obese subjects with at least one weight-related comorbid condition. Presented at: 2025 ObesityWeek; November 4-7, 2025. Abstract 018.
  32. Mosenzon O, Calle RA, Rosenstock J, et al.  Anti-myostatin (trevogrumab) with and without anti-activin a (garetosmab) preserves lean mass and increases loss of fat mass in people with obesity treated with semaglutide. Presented at: 2025 European Association for the Study of Diabetes; September 15-19, 2025. Abstract LBA 17.