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When Blood Pressure Just Won’t Budge: Aldosterone and Hard-to-Control Hypertension From Mechanism to Management

Slideset

Aldosterone plays a critical role in assessing and managing resistant hypertension because it contributes to patients’ disease progression and cardiorenal risk. Use these slides to learn best practices for diagnosing resistant hypertension and applying the current evidence in your practice, including the development of patient-centered strategies that integrate aldosterone-targeted therapies for improved outcomes.

Released: October 01, 2026

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Faculty

Debbie Cohen

Debbie Cohen, MD

Professor of Medicine
Director of Hypertension Programs
Renal Division
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
John Flack

John Flack, MD, MPH, FAHA, FASH, MAC, CHS

Sergio Rabinovich Endowed Chair of Internal Medicine
Professor and Chair
Departments of Medicine and Population Science and Policy
Southern Illinois University
Springfield, Illinois
Ty J. Gluckman

Ty J. Gluckman, MD, MHA

Medical Director, Center for Cardiovascular Analytics, Research, and Data Science (CARDS)
Providence Heart Institute
Portland, Oregon

Provided by

Provided by Clinical Care Options, LLC dba Decera Clinical Education.

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Supporters

Supported by an educational grant from AstraZeneca.

AstraZeneca

Target Audience

This program is intended for cardiology physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician associates and other HCPs involved in the care of patients with hard-to-control hypertension.

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:

  • Identify the prevalence and clinical implications of hard-to-control hypertension among patients in clinical practice who remain above blood pressure goals despite antihypertensive treatment to support timely recognition and reassessment of management

  • Evaluate the pathophysiologic role of aldosterone excess in driving cardiovascular and kidney morbidity among patients with hard-to-control hypertension to inform clinical assessment and decision-making

  • Integrate current clinical evidence for novel and emerging aldosterone-targeted therapies into patient management decisions to optimize outcomes in patients with hard-to-control hypertension

Financial Disclosures

Primary Author

Debbie Cohen, MD: consultant/advisor/speaker: AstraZeneca, Kardigan, Medtronic, Novartis, Recor; researcher: Mineralys.

John Flack, MD, MPH, FAHA, FASH, MAC, CHS: consultant/advisor/speaker: AstraZeneca, Azurity, George Medicines, Idorsia, Mineralys, Recor, Verve; researcher: AstraZeneca, Boston Scientific, Idorsia, Mineralys, Recor, Verve.

Ty J. Gluckman, MD, MHA: consultant/advisor/speaker: OptumRx.

Additional Disclosures

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools were used for drafting educational content. All AI-assisted content underwent human review, editing, and validation by qualified faculty and accredited education staff to ensure scientific accuracy, balance, and compliance with the ACCME Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education.