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What I Tell Every New Patient With Cancer
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Released: December 18, 2025

John Marshall
John Marshall, MD
Catch Up On All Episodes of Oncology Unscripted

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What I Tell Every New Patient With Cancer

 

John Marshall, MD: John Marshall for Oncology Unscripted. I start almost every new patient appointment by talking with the patient and saying that I—I don't really know why people get cancer. We memorize lists of what we're supposed to do and what we're not supposed to do, but, bluntly, almost everybody sitting across the room from me didn't do anything on the bad list, and yet here they are, sitting there with cancer.

 

It seems to me—and I think this is popular science thinking as well—that we probably all get cancer all the time. But our bodies actually have outstanding spell checkers and an outstanding functional immune system that can see early cancers and fix them before they cause any trouble. So, what that actually means, then, is that those cancers that make it—those cancers that survive through the spell checker or through the immune system—must have figured out a way to get around the spell checker, or have broken the spell checker, or maybe are hiding from the immune system.

 

And so, almost all of our new research going on right now in cancer medicine is either trying to fix the spell checker—and by this, I mean targeted therapies, signaling pathways, et cetera—or it's trying to turn back on, wake back up, or uncover the tumor from the immune system so the immune system can go in and do its job.

 

And so, I think what you see at almost any conference nowadays focuses on those two approaches. It's not some new chemotherapy, although chemo continues to be very important and has cured a whole lot of people, so don't get me wrong about that. But what we're seeing in terms of innovation has a lot to do with improving the immune system, measuring the immune system, having better immunotherapy or immunotherapy combinations, and, at the same time, uncovering the molecular abnormalities of our cancers and having targets to those—and, in some cases, combining those with novel therapies as well.

 

So, be on the lookout for the next innovation: either fixing your spell checker or fixing your immune system. But, in support of that, let's look at some of the coolest, latest data that's practice changing in our world today.  John Marshall for Oncology Unscripted.

 

This transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.